What other problems need to be solved in the construction of China's old-age service system?

     China has been building a pension service system that has been suitable for the past. In recent years, it has achieved good results, but there are still many problems to be solved.

　　First: Many old-age care institutions are not clear about their own positioning, and the supply and demand of aged care services are misplaced. From the overall situation, China's old-age services are in short supply. However, in terms of the functional orientation of the old-age care institutions, the public pension institutions are not prominent in the basic elderly care services for the poor and the “three noes” elderly. Most of the old-age care institutions still prefer to serve healthy elderly people who are able to take care of themselves. They do not want to serve the disabled elderly. Because the fees charged by public pension institutions are relatively low, many old-age care institutions have a phenomenon of “one bed is hard to find”. On the contrary, many private pension institutions are generally charging higher fees, which is unbearable for many elderly people. Most of the old-age care institutions are located near the suburbs far from the city, which leads to imperfect medical facilities, and it is very inconvenient for children to visit their parents.

　　Second: Many of the support for the implementation of private pension institutions is not in place. In the allocation of land, the national policy has always been to ensure the protection of old-age facilities and land use, and to strengthen the allocation of land for old-age care institutions, but it has been difficult to put in place. The financing of private pension institutions is difficult because the property and property rights of private pension institutions are not clear, and the return on investment is relatively low, which makes financing difficult. The government has certain preferential policies for water, electricity, gas, etc. in the old-age care institutions, which are generally the same as those of ordinary households. However, due to the implementation of the ladder price policy, in the case of large-scale use of the old-age care institutions, the preferential efforts Significantly weakened.

　　Third: The management and operational capabilities of our national pension agencies are relatively weak. The employees of private pension institutions are usually laid-off workers or re-employed persons and retirees. They are older and have no professional nursing knowledge, and their experience and ability are insufficient. In addition, there are fewer nursing staff in China, and a nursing staff is good at taking care of more than a dozen elderly people, and the labor intensity is relatively large. The operating costs and staff wages of the old-age care institutions are relatively high. Therefore, many private-age care institutions are unable to make ends meet, and they are all in a situation of barely maintaining their survival. They rely heavily on government policies and financial support.

　　Fourth: the number of community and home-based care institutions is relatively small, and the service capacity is relatively lacking. The main reasons are as follows: First, for various reasons, the profit of the old-age service institutions is relatively low, resulting in low market participation, insufficient pension service institutions, and unable to meet the needs of the residents. Second, the construction of facilities for community care services is not in place. Third, the policy documents on community and home-based care are relatively lacking, and there is insufficient incentive for market and society to participate in old-age services. Fourth, the financial investment in the community and home-based care is insufficient, and many places are not included in the financial budget. Fifth, the community pension service is more inclined to serve the healthy elderly, neglecting the service needs of special groups such as disability, dementia, loss of independence, empty nest, “three noes” and poor old people. Sixth, professional and chained old-age care institutions do not extend the community and home-based care services. There is no effective docking and collaboration mechanism between institutional pensions and communities, and home-based care.

　　Fifth: When doctors and nurses combine health care, they ignore the integration of medical resources and mechanisms. At present, there are several problems in the combination of medical and nursing in China. The focus of the first combination of medical care is biased, the emphasis on medicine is taken care of, and even the "medical, maintenance and care" function is ignored. . The second overemphasis on the construction of medical institutions, neglecting the mechanism integration and resource sharing of old-age services and medical services. Thirdly, there are still situations of waste of resources and abuse, which has led to the occurrence of excessive medical behavior, and has taken national subsidies and medical insurance resources. The fourth current combination of medical care is mainly limited to the organization, and neglects the combination of medical care and support in the community and home care. There are also some medical and nursing institutions that consider the low income, high cost, and high difficulty, and the medical care services for the demented elderly are underestimated.

　　Sixth: China's rural old-age service system is even lagging behind, and the old-age care of the elderly in rural areas is worrying. There are not many rural old-age care institutions, and there are fewer public pension institutions, and there are fewer old-age care institutions suitable for the needs of rural community residents. The infrastructure of rural old-age care services is relatively simple, medical facilities, safety facilities, and fire protection. Facilities and living facilities are relatively simple; the management level of rural old-age service institutions is relatively low, lacking professional management and service personnel of rural old-age care institutions; social workers, volunteers, and public service organizations for rural pension services Not enough participation.